Perhaps this was the
highlight of his political career or maybe there is still more to see but in
October 2014 Guy Scott made history by becoming the first white man post
colonialism to lead an African nation. His stint at the helm of the Zambian
government was short but eventful.
Guy Scott had ascended
to the Zambian presidency after the demise of President Michael Sata who had
died in a London hospital after an illness. Scott’s appointment to the
presidency won the country praise from the international community but this
soon frazzled as the wrangles in the Patriotic Front and the government
deepened. The praise was soon replaced by a fear in the international community
that Zambia’s democracy was not stable and leaning on the verge of a meltdown.
Was this man now in charge of the country trustworthy enough to keep it from gliding
into political turmoil characteristic of African nations? This was something
the whole world was watching closely.
For decades Guy Scott
had been a popular figure on the Zambian political scene. He had served in the
MMD government as Minister of Agriculture and saw the country through the worst
drought experienced in the Southern African region, ‘the whole of southern Africa was going hungry but not Zambia, we
brought in maize from everywhere and had enough to eat and feed our neighbouring
countries’ he later says. Years later Scott joined Michael Sata in the
Patriotic front which later ousted the MMD from power in 2011. All things being
equal, Scott was the rightful person to carry on after Sata’s death as he had
served as the Vice President of the country for the years the Patriotic Front
had been in power under President Sata. But article 34 of the Zambian
constitution would not have it that way, it stated clearly, ‘A Zambian presidential candidate must have
both parents who are Zambian by birth or decent.’ The clause, widely
believed to have been included in the constitution by the then President
Chiluba to prevent Kenneth Kaunda from contesting the 1996 elections was the main
argument for those who opposed Scott’s appointment as Acting President, this
and the fact that President Sata had left Edgar Lungu in charge of the nation’s
affairs on his final trip abroad for medical attention. (It is also interesting
to note that if this clause had existed in the American constitution, Barack
Obama would never have become the president of the United States of America.)
However, Article 34 was
challenged by another in the constitution, Article 39 which states, ‘Whenever the President is absent from
Zambia or considers it desirable to do so by reason of illness or any other
cause, he may by direction in writing, authorize the Vice President or where
the Vice President is absent from Zambia or incapable of discharging the
functions of the office of the president, any other person to discharge such
functions of the office of the office of the President as he may specify...’
After a brief scuffle
on which article of the constitution rightly applied to Scott, Article 39 of
the constitution won the tug of war and Guy Scott was appointed Acting
President of the Republic of Zambia.
Ninety days after on
January twentieth, the nation went to the polls. Peacefully Zambians cast their
votes and after a tightly contested election between the Patriotic Front’s
candidate Edgar Lungu and the UPND’s Hakainde Hichilema, Edgar Lungu emerged
victorious and was sworn in five days later. After Lungu’s inauguration, Scott
but all faded into the background of the nation’s politics. Will we see him
again on the political scene? That is something we have to wait and see.
I speak to him now on a
Saturday morning. Scott sits relaxed on a sofa, comfortable in a maroon golf
shirt and a pair of shorts despite the stinging cold weather. Behind him is a
painting of a crowd gathered, lifting their hands in praise and affirmation of
whatever is being said and facing a podium where a few men stand. No doubt this
is a political rally.
I ask my first question
and he takes a sip of his coffee before he responds. He begins with a little
history.
When
the Patriotic front was still in infancy, people wondered why an educated man
like you was joining Michael Sata in the Patriotic Front. What made you decide
to join Sata in the PF?
In 1990 Kaunda agreed
to install multiparty democracy. I was in oxford teaching and somebody phoned
me in the middle of the night and told me there was going to be a multiparty
state. My feeling is that Zambia is ruined by bad governance. Multiparty
democracy was a chance to get literate governance in Zambia. I thought that
with my technical knowledge and entire education levels, I could do something.
So I came back. We went to the convention in April 1991. There were a lot of
people, academicians and politicians like Mr. Sata who had crossed from UNIP
and we formed a committee. I became Chairman of Agriculture and Sata became
Chairman of Local Government. It was the first time to meet Michael and we got
on very well. We campaigned for Chiluba, for the MMD in 1991. We won. Chiluba
made me Minister of Agriculture and Michael Minister of Local Government.
Michael remained and I was fired. Then we got to the third term. People started
leaving and forming parties. Michael by this time was National Secretary of the
party and his job was to organize the convention at which the matter of the
third term would be discussed. He didn’t want to leave because he thought that
if these other people have left, then its better I stay put here and take the
job myself when Chiluba eventually realises that the people of Zambia were not
going to accept him for a third term. Michael realized that his best chance was
staying in the MMD so he organized the Mulungushi convention. Then Chiluba
dribbled Michael and had chosen Mwanawasa. Michael meanwhile had started
forming the P.F and he called me up and said, ‘come here,’ and we were in the
P.F.
In
the early years of the P.F, how did other members respond to you being the Vice
President of the party?
No problem. The general
population has never even provided any journalist with a vox pop. You can go
and stand in the street with your microphone and say, ‘what do you think of
having a white Vice President?’ They will say, ‘who cares what colour the Vice
President is? We know him, we like him, he has fought for that position.’ They
used to come (alot of foreign journalists) and say let us go and do a vox pop
and get negative opinions. They were very little negative opinions from the
general population. This is different. Politics is different. You will use
anything you can find on the ground. So if you are going to discredit the Vice
President for any reason, you will say he is the son of colonialists. That is
how politics is and even then it didn’t work. People said we love you, carry on
with what you are doing.
When
the P.F finally won the elections, you never acted as President when President
Sata left the country, was there an initial agreement for that?
Yes. It was agreed
right at the beginning and Michael took all the advice. As you know, there was
a lot of Kafwafwa with people going
to court and asking for injunctions when it finally happened. Michael knew some
opposition parties had a case prepared against the government the first time I
was put in as Acting President. I acted a few times without anybody knowing
because he didn’t even bother to do the paper work. This is a very litigious
society and UPND I understand had a whole dossier that if I became Acting
President they would run to court. That would have been a nuisance because
Michael would have been in Japan or New York and would have found himself
having to fly back and we didn’t want an unstable situation and Michael maybe
didn’t want to give ammunition to the opposition. But of course he couldn’t
remove me as Vice President when people advised him. When people tried to tell
him that he should remove Guy as Vice President otherwise he will become
President, he would say, ‘what’s wrong with that? He has a high hand, he is
just like me.’
When
you were first informed that you had been appointed as the Acting President,
what were your first thoughts?
My first thoughts were
that it’s going to be a fight because people fear I am going to try and
interfere with their choice. When it comes to doing things properly, you have
to consult the constitution. That meeting we had in Kabwe whether you say it
was properly conducted or not was demanded by the constitution. There was no
option, there was no choice. There was some nastiness, some attempts to
threaten but I didn’t pay them any ear.
During
the 90 days you acted as President, it was a volatile period in Zambia, how did
you manage to keep the country stable and functioning during that time?
The credit is due to
the Zambian people but I had to speak to them. I was on television nearly every
day saying we have reached this stage and it’s going to be okay. The hot air
was coming from the social media. There were a lot of attempts to disrupt the
process but I think we did okay. We did the common sense thing. I don’t want a
war, who wants a war.
Looking
back at one of your first actions as Acting President of relieving the current
President of his Duties in government and as Secretary General of the P.F and
later reinstating him, how do you think it affected your image as a leader? Do
you think it somehow reflected you were indecisive as a leader?
A credible leader is
more than one event. It was an attempt to neutral the situation because I knew
he (Lungu) wanted to stand and I was of the view that if someone wants to
stand, you have to give up your post and that was a difference of opinion. The question
was if you are going to stand as we have heard from everybody, then how can you
actually be allowed to run the administration of the same election you are
participating in? I was persuaded to withdraw that, we hadn’t even buried
Michael yet. So that was what I did. There is no point sticking to opposition
if you know it is going to lead to unrest. There were people saying the
constitution should be different but that’s completely irrelevant. What the
constitution says is you go and have a big election conducted properly and
choose the party’s candidate. My only defence was this is the constitution of
the party and the country.
After
your very public reconciliation with the current President, how would you
describe your relationship with him now?
The relations I
wouldn’t say are very warm but aren’t at a point where there is any conflict.
He is the President and he has the choice if he doesn’t want me as anything in
his government. That’s fine. If he has to offer me a job, I have to be
convinced I can do it freely, responsibly. I have a lot of work to do. All I am
doing is working with my constituency at the moment. Like other people that
have put everything they have in the P.F, I am interested to see where it goes.
Being
the first white President of an African country, did you have support from
other African Presidents during your time in office?
Yes. I talked to all
sorts of people and told them everything was under control. Mugabe knows me and
I was a member of his party in the early 1960’s. A lot of people sent me best
wishes. People I had never even talked to sent me telegrams saying keep going.
It was historic.
What
is your opinion on article 34 of the Zambian constitution which bars anyone
from contesting the presidency whose parents are not Zambian by origin?
I think it is a stupid
provision. Zambians decide who they trust and who they don’t trust. I mean of
course if you are not even a Zambia citizen it’s a problematic issue. Why
should you want to stand if you are not a citizen? If you have taken your
choice that I am now a citizen, why should you now create two classes of
citizens, ones who can take the job and ones who can’t take the job?
What
would you say was your greatest achievement in government under the P.F as Vice
President and Acting President?
I can say we did what we set out to do in a
short period of time. My greatest achievement is to try and get these systems
working again. The office of the Vice President is the only office that has the
authority, the clout to bring together and say, what is our policy on this? If
you take any problem in Zambia like the small problem we had with yellow fever
policy, there was a lot of nonsense from the technical point of view and to get
that fixed we had to hold a number of meetings. You need to bring people
together and manage everything. A lot of the serious hard work was to bring
back in the Zambian administration properly convened cross party groups.
I
hear you are writing a book, is that true?
Yes.
Finally,
what would you like your legacy to be?
My legacy is that
Zambia moved ahead and not in a circle and of course like Barack Obama said,
‘the problem is I can’t help it, I will be remembered by the first thing I did
and the first thing I did was that I was the first black to become President of
the USA and there is nothing I can do now that can top that,’ and I have the
same issue, I was the first white Acting President, how can I top that? Everyone
in the world was reading that story.
Photo Credit: Lyandu Photography